The Necessary & Proper Clause
“The Congress shall have Power … To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.”
Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the U.S. Constitution
Cases
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McCulloch v. Maryland
17 U.S. 316 (1819)
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United States v. Darby
312 U.S. 100 (1941)
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Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
469 U.S. 528 (1985)
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National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius
567 U.S. 519 (2012)